How can atheroma lead to a heart attack- meaning of atheroma

Definition Atheroma

In this disease, the hard substance of the first color begins to accumulate inside the arteries,

due  to which the arteries begin to narrow.

Sites of artery Atheroma

• In the arteries of the brain.
• In the arteries of the heart.
• In the Abdominal Aorta
• In the renal arteries.
• In The arteries are in the upper and lower parts of the body.

How does atheroma cause a heart attack

1. This disease is more common due to obesity.
2. Abundant consumption of meat and fat.
3. Cigarettes, tea, coffee, alcohol in abundance.
4. This disease is more common in men than in women.
5. Due to high blood pressure.
6. Due to living an unnatural life.
7. Due to diabetes.
8. This disease can also be hereditary.

What does atheroma effects

As we know that in this disease, the arteries are not narrowed and obviously, the blood is not

supplied to the body in its full amount from the narrowed arteries, due to which the following

things are seen:

• Myocar del infarction.
• Occurrence of necrosis.

Necrosis occurs when a part of the body is deprived of proper blood supply, turning blue

and cold, and eventually dies. That is, it decomposes. This condition is called “gangrene”

and the condition before decomposition “Negros” is called.

• Gangrene occurs.
• There is pain in the body. There is an excess of cholesterol in the blood.

Atheromatous plaque note

The fatty buildup in your arteries, whether you like to call it atheroma or plaque, isn’t helpful for

your health. Fighting atherosclerosis on your own, whether atheroma or plaque, is not effective

for your health. If you want to slow the growth of plaque in your arteries, discuss it with your

healthcare professional. Making lifestyle adjustments like giving up smoking and eating

well-balanced meals will help keep your arteries healthy for years to come.

Coronary artery atheroma formation

The process of atherosclerosis begins with issues in the endothelium that permit lipids

and cellular components to enter blood vessel walls. This leads to the build-up of lipids

in the arterial walls, which is the defining characteristic of this disease. To study this process,

researchers used DICOM images to create a computer model. They used Darcy’s law to model

the solid domain (arterial wall) and the Navier-Stokes equations with the continuity equation

to model the fluid domain (blood). By using convection-diffusion equations, low-density

lipoproteins (LDL) and oxygen were transported.

Calcified carotid atheroma on panoramic radiographs

Objective:

A stroke caused by carotid artery calcification accounts for approximately 5% of all strokes.

It is a common noninvasive procedure to evaluate carotid artery stenosis and calcification

with carotid Doppler ultrasonography (DS). In this study, we aimed to determine the level

of agreement between panoramic radiographs and DS results. Additionally, we sought to

evaluate the efficacy of panoramic radiography in detecting carotid artery calcification in

patients with and without coronary artery disease.

Methods:

It is estimated that about 5% of ischaemic strokes are related to carotid artery calcification.

Carotid Doppler (DS) ultrasonography is a commonly used noninvasive technique for evaluating

carotid artery stenosis and calcification. In this study, the level of agreement between

panoramic radiographs and DS findings was assessed as well as the ability of panoramic

radiography to detect carotid artery calcification in patients with and without

coronary artery disease.

Result:

The findings showed that panoramic radiography had a sensitivity of 66.6% and a positive

predictive value of 45% in detecting carotid artery calcifications in patients with coronary

artery disease. However, in patients with normal angiography, its sensitivity was 50%.

In addition, there was little agreement between the panoramic radiography results and

the DS results.

Stenotic coronary artery atheroma

In severe cases, osseous coronary artery stenosis may lead to death or reduced blood flow

from the distal coronary artery. Although atherosclerosis is the most common cause,

other factors such as aortic arteritis, congenital webs, and complications after aortic

valve replacement surgery can also contribute to this condition. During the autopsy,

three patients who died from ischemic heart disease were found to have an obscure ostial

stricture/occlusion for the first time. For example, in case 1, a 70-year-old man with right

coronary artery hypoplasia and a left anterior descending coronary artery tunnel had

atherosclerotically obliterated right coronary artery ostium.

It was observed in two cases of elderly males, ages 80 and 85, that they had considerable

epicardial coronary atherosclerosis, along with coronary obliteration in the right ostia.

In the case of sudden death, examining the coronary ostia is crucial as occlusive lesions

are often the sole cause of death. Additionally, ostial stenosis/occlusion can contribute

to global myocardial ischemia caused by coronary artery atheroma and/or other

factors in various situations.